凡尔赛宫：路易十四的权力景观与法兰西历史记忆
给小白白的有声书国王刚说完那里应该有一座宫殿，一座非凡的宫殿就出现了……这听起来像个童话，而且这句话确实来自《小红帽》《灰姑娘》《穿靴子的猫》以及其他许多经典童话故事的作者夏尔·佩罗。他提到的凡尔赛宫的建造过程，并非像童话故事中那样一蹴而就，但也相去不远。1660年后的几年里，一座不起眼的狩猎小屋摇身一变，成了庞大、恢宏的建筑群，威风凛凛地矗立在华丽的园林之中。在当时及日后的法国乃至整个欧洲，凡尔赛宫都重新定义了一座皇家宫殿应有的模样。
本书分三个阶段讲述这座举世瞩目的历史古迹的故事。首先，一处没有历史的荒芜之地如何被改造成一座创造了历史的童话式宫殿；之后，凡尔赛宫在其黄金岁月里如何运转；最后，这座宫殿在努力尝试融入现代社会后，最终如何找到自己作为记忆场所和文化中心的使命.
| Publishes | Daily | Episodes | 17 | Founded | a year ago |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Language |  ZH-CN | Categories | HistorySociety & CulturePlaces & Travel | ||
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1995年，法国政府成立了凡尔赛宫、博物馆和国家园林公共管理机构（简称EPV），受文化部管辖，这是重大的环境变革，使凡尔赛宫在行政管理上获得了相当程度的统一，同时拥有了更多自主权。诚如其名，EPV的职权范围同时扩展到了地产和建筑领域，这使实施更加统一的管理方法成为可能。凭借其自主权，该机构推行了富有活力的发展政策，包括从中央政府手中收回部分宫殿和土地。林下特里亚农宫曾在1966年被让与戴高乐将军用于国事接待，后于2005年被归还给EPV。立法议会于19世纪70年代早期在宫殿南翼成立，后于1879... more
1953年，年轻且富有活力的杰拉尔德·范·德·肯普被任命为凡尔赛宫博物馆馆长，直到1980年才卸任。范·德·肯普极富个人魅力，年轻时曾在法国外籍军团服役；作为一位年轻的管理员，据说他曾在第二次世界大战期间将《蒙娜丽莎》藏在自己的床底下，以避免其落入纳粹之手。在任期间，他被证明是一位精明的政治高手。他对戴高乐主义者的公开支持使他在1958年第五共和国成立后获得了极丰富的政治资源，这被他用来为凡尔赛宫的利益服务。1966年，他与夏尔·戴高乐协商，将特里亚农宫的一部分（所谓的“林下特里亚农宫”）转让给... more
1892年，凡尔赛宫迎来了一位新的领导者——皮埃尔·德·诺拉克。他只有三十岁出头，在凡尔赛宫担任过五年助理，这也是他仅有的博物馆相关工作经验。虽然经验相对不足，但德·诺拉克担任这一职位直至1920年。在某些方面，他对凡尔赛宫的影响在他于1936年去世后依然存在。在将凡尔赛宫带入现代社会方面，他作出的贡献无人能及。
诺拉克对凡尔赛宫所面临问题的分析鞭辟入里，极有预见性：首先，凡尔赛宫缺少财政资源；其次，它不能吸引足够的参观者；最后，在历史研究和馆藏保护方面都不够专业。通过对这些问题的回答，他勾勒出... more
七月革命后，路易-菲利普即位，彻底终结了凡尔赛宫作为王朝或宫廷所在地的历史，也不再允许它在法国的政治生活中扮演重要角色。七月王朝的新国王来自奥尔良家族。这个家族对凡尔赛宫并没有怀旧和眷恋之情。
即位后不久，路易-菲利普决定将凡尔赛宫变成一堂面向法兰西民族介绍法国的历史课。他认为，只有当人们普遍接受凡尔赛宫作为法国政治和文化生活中一股重要力量的生涯已经结束，其未来才能得到保证；只有当这里成为承载民族记忆而非君主权力的场所，其命运才会安然无忧，由此，凡尔赛宫成了法国历史博物馆。
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