过秦论（上中下）
丘比讲故事《过秦论》是贾谊政论散文的代表作，分上中下三篇。全文从各个方面分析秦王朝的过失，故名为《过秦论》。此文旨在总结秦速亡的历史教训，以作为汉王朝建立制度、巩固统治的借鉴，是一组见解深刻而又极富艺术感染力的文章。 《过秦论》上篇先讲述秦自孝公以迄始皇逐渐强大的原因：具有地理的优势、实行变法图强的主张、正确的战争策略、几世秦王的苦心经营等。行文中采用了排比式的句子和铺陈式的描写方法，富有气势；之后则写陈涉虽然本身力量微小，却能使强大的秦国覆灭，在对比中得出秦亡在于“仁义不施”的结论。中篇剖析秦统一天下后没有正确的政策，秦二世没有能够改正秦始皇的错误政策，主要指责秦二世的过失。下篇写秦在危迫的情况下，秦王子婴没有救亡扶倾的才力，主要指责秦王子婴的过失。
| Publishes | Twice weekly | Episodes | 3 | Founded | 5 years ago |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Language |  ZH-CN | Categories | CoursesEducationSociety & Culture | ||
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秦兼诸侯山东三十余郡，脩津关，据险塞，缮甲兵而守之。然陈涉率散乱之众数百，奋臂大呼，不用弓戟之兵，鉏耰白梃，望屋而食，横行天下。秦人阻险不守，关梁不闭，长戟不刺，强弩不射。楚师深入，战于鸿门，曾无藩篱之难。于是山东诸侯并起，豪俊相立。秦使章邯将而东征，章邯因其三军之众，要市于外，以谋其上。群臣之不相信，可见于此矣。子婴立，遂不悟。借使子婴有庸主之材而仅得中佐，山东虽乱，三秦之地可全而有，宗庙之祀宜未绝也。
秦地被山带河以为固，四塞之国也。自缪公以来至于秦王二十余君，常为诸侯雄。此岂世贤哉？其势... more
秦灭周祀，并海内，兼诸侯，南面称帝，以养四海。天下之士，斐然向风。若是，何也？曰：近古之无王者久矣。周室卑微，五霸既灭，令不行于天下。是以诸侯力政，强凌弱，众暴寡，兵革不休，士民罢弊。今秦南面而王天下，是上有天子也。既元元之民冀得安其性命，莫不虚心而仰上。当此之时，专威定功，安危之本，在于此矣。
秦王怀贪鄙之心，行自奋之智，不信功臣，不亲士民，废王道而立私爱，焚文书而酷刑法，先诈力而后仁义，以暴虐为天下始。夫兼并者高诈力，安危者贵顺权，此言取与守不同术也。秦离战国而王天下，其道不易，其政不改，... more
秦孝公据崤函之固，拥雍州之地，君臣固守以窥周室，有席卷天下，包举宇内，囊括四海之意，并吞八荒之心。当是时也，商君佐之，内立法度，务耕织，修守战之具；外连衡而斗诸侯。于是秦人拱手而取西河之外。
孝公既没，惠文、武、昭襄蒙故业，因遗策，南取汉中，西举巴、蜀，东割膏腴之地，北收要害之郡。诸侯恐惧，会盟而谋弱秦，不爱珍器重宝肥饶之地，以致天下之士，合从缔交，相与为一。当此之时，齐有孟尝，赵有平原，楚有春申，魏有信陵。此四君者，皆明智而忠信，宽厚而爱人，尊贤而重士，约从离衡，兼韩、魏、燕、楚、齐、赵、宋... more
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